Peningkatan Produksi dan Mutu Benih Wortel (Daucus carota) Varietas Lokal Melalui Pemangkasan Cabang dan Pemupukan Boron (Increasing the Production and Quality of Carrot Seed Local Variety Through Branch Pruning and Boron Fertilization)
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Date
2017-06-30
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Teknik perbenihan perlu diperhatikan untuk mendapatkan benih wortel bermutu. Hal ini terjadi dikarenakan oleh teknik perbenihan / pemilihan umbella sebagai sumber bibit kurang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mutu benih wortel melalui perlakuan pemangkasan cabang dan pemberian pupuk boron. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Mei 2014 di kebun percobaan Berastagi, dengan ketinggian ± 1340 meter dpl, jenis tanah andisol. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial dengan 3 ulangan, dimana faktor 1: Teknik Pemangkasan (P0. Tanpa pemangkasan, P1. Pemangkasan cabang tersier, P2. Pemangkasan cabang primer dan tersier) dan faktor 2 = Dosis Pupuk Boron (Bo. 0, B1. 5 kg/Ha, B2. 10 kg/Ha dan B3. 15 kg/Ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemangkasan cabang tersier pada perbenihan wortel dapat meningkatkan jumlah cabang sekunder 15.12% – 23.91%, diameter cabang sekunder 17.87% – 19.97%, bobot kotor benih 66.87 – 70.62%, bobot bersih benih 62.85% – 70.62% dan menurunkan persentase benih hampa 32.82% – 44.52%. Pemberian pupuk boron dengan dosis 15 kg/ha dapat meningkatkan jumlah cabang sekunder 60.89%, bobot kotor benih 59.85%, bobot bersih benih 67.68% dan menurunkan persentase benih hampa ±58.32% dibanding tanpa pemberian boron. Persentase tumbuh benih dapat ditingkatkan (49.28 – 51.89%) dengan perlakuan pemangkasan cabang tersier dan pemberian pupuk boron 5- 10 kg/ha.KeywordsDaucus carota; Pemangkasan cabang; Pupuk boronAbstractSeeding techniques need considered to get a quality carrot seeds. This occurs due to the seeding technique/umbella election as seed sources are less precise. This study aims to improve the production and quality of carrot seeds by treatment branch pruning and fertilizer application boron. The study was conducted from January to May 2014 in Berastagi Experimental Gardens, with an altitude of ± 1,340 m asl, Andisol soil type. The design used was a factorial randomized block design with three replications. Factor 1: pruning techniques (P0 = without pruning, P1 = pruning tertiary branches, P2 = pruning primary and tertiary branches) and factor 2 = dose boron fertilizer (Bo = 0, B1 = 5 kg/ha, B2 = 10 kg/ha and B3 = 15 kg/ha). The results show that tertiary branch pruning can increase the number of secondary branches 15.12–23.91%, the diameter of the secondary branch 17.87–19.97%, gross weight of seed 66.87–70.62%, net weight of seed 62.85–70.62% and reduced the percentage of empty seed 32.82–44.52%, boron fertilizer with a dose of 15 kg/ha can increase the number of secondary branches of 60.89, 59.85% seed gross weight, net weight of seeds of 67.68%, and reduced the percentage of empty seed ± 58.32% than without boron. The percentage of good growing seed can be improved ha (49.28–51.89%) by tertiary branch pruning and fertilizer application 5 to 10 kg/ha.