Pupuk Organik sebagai Subtitusi Pupuk Anorganik Menuju Pertanian Lada Perdu Organik
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Pakuwon dari bulan Mei–Desember 2009. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola Faktorial, Faktor pertama terdiri dari dua jenis lada hibrida LH 4-5-5 (V1) dan LH 6-2 (V2), serta Petaling 1 (V3) sebagai pembanding. Faktor kedua merupakan Paket teknologi, yaitu penggunaan dosis pupuk organik sebagai substitusi pupuk anorganik dengan lima tingkat komposisi media tumbuh campuran tanah dengan pupuk organik dan penggunaan dosis pupuk anorganik, yaitu: P0 = tanah 1 : pupuk organik 1 + pupuk anorganik 100 % SOP, P1 = tanah 1 : pupuk organik 2 + pupuk anorganik 80 % SOP, P2= tanah 1 : pupuk organik 3 + pupuk anorganik 60 % SOP, P3= tanah 1 : pupuk organik 4 + pupuk anorganik 40 % dan P4= tanah 1 : pupuk organik 5 + pupuk anorganik 20 % SOP. Jumlah tanaman setiap perlakuan sebanyak 5 tanaman dan diulang 3 kali , sehingga jumlah tanaman keseluruhan sebanyak 225 tanaman. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang primer dan sekunder, lingkar pangkal batang, panjang ruas serta jumlah daun per cabang, serta analisis hara makro dan mikro dari masing-masing perlakuan media tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan pupuk anorganik NPK-Mg pada tanaman lada perdu dalam pot pada awal pertumbuhan dapat disubstitusi dengan pupuk organik sampai 80 % dan kebutuhan pupuk anorganik hanya 20%. Lada hibrida LH 6-2 dan LH 4-5-5 memiliki peluang produktivitas lebih tinggi dibanding Petaling-1. Kombinasi perlakuan pemupukan dan varietas tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif lada perdu sampai umur 4 bulan, hal ini memberikan peluang budidaya lada perdu dengan sistem pot dapat dibudidayakan dengan sistem pertanian organik.
Utilization of organic fertilizer as a substitute of anorganic fertilizer toward organic pepper shurbs have been done at experimental garden Pakuwon by using pot system in paranet screen house in May-December 2009. The experimental design of the study is Group Randomized Factorial Design, The first factor consists of two types of pepper hybrid LH4-5-5 (V1) and LH 6-2 (V2), and use Petaling 1 (V3) as a comparison. The second factor is the technology package, is doses of organic fertilizers as a substitute for anorganic fertilizers with composition level of media: P0 = soil 1:1 organic fertilizer + 100% anorganic fertilizer recommendation (GAP), P1 = soil 1: 2 organic fertilizer + 80% anorganic fertilizer GAP, P2 = soil 1: 3 organic fertilizer + 60%anorganic fertilizer GAP, P3 = soil 1:4 organic fertilizer + 40% anorganic fertilizer GAP and P4 = soil 1: 5 20% organic fertilizer+ anorganic fertilizer GAP. The number of plants per treatment is 5 plants and 3 replication, so therefore total number is 225 plants. The observed parameters : plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, stem base diameter, node length and leaves number per branch, also macro and micro nutrient analysis of each of media treatment. The result showed that anorganic fertilizer NPK-Mg requirement on pepper shrubs at vegetative stage can be substituted with 80% organic fertilizer and 20% anorganic fertilizer. Hybrid pepper LH 6-2 and LH 4-5-5 higher potencial production than Petaling 1. At 4 month after planting did not show no significant differences of vegetative growth between treatment and variety, this result shown probability of pepper shrubs cultivation on pot system can be cultivated with organic system.
Utilization of organic fertilizer as a substitute of anorganic fertilizer toward organic pepper shurbs have been done at experimental garden Pakuwon by using pot system in paranet screen house in May-December 2009. The experimental design of the study is Group Randomized Factorial Design, The first factor consists of two types of pepper hybrid LH4-5-5 (V1) and LH 6-2 (V2), and use Petaling 1 (V3) as a comparison. The second factor is the technology package, is doses of organic fertilizers as a substitute for anorganic fertilizers with composition level of media: P0 = soil 1:1 organic fertilizer + 100% anorganic fertilizer recommendation (GAP), P1 = soil 1: 2 organic fertilizer + 80% anorganic fertilizer GAP, P2 = soil 1: 3 organic fertilizer + 60%anorganic fertilizer GAP, P3 = soil 1:4 organic fertilizer + 40% anorganic fertilizer GAP and P4 = soil 1: 5 20% organic fertilizer+ anorganic fertilizer GAP. The number of plants per treatment is 5 plants and 3 replication, so therefore total number is 225 plants. The observed parameters : plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, stem base diameter, node length and leaves number per branch, also macro and micro nutrient analysis of each of media treatment. The result showed that anorganic fertilizer NPK-Mg requirement on pepper shrubs at vegetative stage can be substituted with 80% organic fertilizer and 20% anorganic fertilizer. Hybrid pepper LH 6-2 and LH 4-5-5 higher potencial production than Petaling 1. At 4 month after planting did not show no significant differences of vegetative growth between treatment and variety, this result shown probability of pepper shrubs cultivation on pot system can be cultivated with organic system.
Keywords
Piper nigrum L.; pupuk organik; pupuk anorganik; substitusi; pertanian organik, Piper nigrum L.; organic fertilizers; anorganic fertilizers; substitution; organic farming