Identifikasi Tungau Fitofag dan Predator Jeruk Mandarin pada Berbagai Fase Tumbuh
No Thumbnail Available
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
Abstract
Description
ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis tungau fitofag dan predator serta distribusinya pada setiap fase tumbuh yang berbeda dari jeruk Mandarin. Menggunakan metode purposive sampling survey penelitian dilaksanakan di KP. Aripan, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Solok, Sumatera Barat mulai bulan September 2003 sampai Juli 2004. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 6 spesies tungau fitofag yaitu Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), B. obovatus Donnadieu, B. phoenicis (Geijskes), Tenuipalpus sp., Eotetranychus sp., dan Panonychus citri McGregor dan 15 spesies tungau predator yang meliputi famili Ascidae, Phytoseiidae, Cunaxidae, dan Cheyletidae. Namun demikian jenis predator Lasioseius pitimini dan Asca longiseta merupakan yang paling banyak jumlahnya. Distribusi tungau cenderung pada daun setengah tua dengan urutan sebagai berikut: perkembangan buah fase-II (Pbf-II) merupakan fase tumbuh tanaman jeruk yang paling disukai oleh tungau fitofag, diikuti oleh Pbf I, dorman, tunas, pembungaan, dan Pbf-III merupakan fase yang paling tidak disukai. Distribusi tungau predator pada beberapa fase tumbuh tersebut mengikuti distribusi populasi tungau fitofag dengan korelasi yang bersifat positif. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk menentukan saat yang tepat tindakan pengendalian tungau fitofag harus dilakukan, serta informasi tentang jenis predator tungau yang berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai pengendali hayati pada pertanaman jeruk.ABSTRACT. Affandi. 2007. Identification of Phytophagous and Predatory Mites on Mandarin Citrus at Different Growth Stages. The study specifically pursued the following objectives (1) to conduct a survey of phytophagous and predatory, (2) to determine the distribution and abundance of these mites in different growth stages at arboreal plant parts. A purposive sampling survey method was conducted at 6 growth stages of Mandarin citrus orchard at Aripan Research Station of the Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute, Solok, West Sumatera on September 2003 to July 2004. The results showed that there were 6 species of phytophagous mites collected from the canopy of citrus during the survey, namely Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), B. obovatus Donnadieu, B. phoenicis (Geijskes), Tenuipalpus sp., Eotetranychus sp., and Panonychus citri McGregor. On the other hand, 15 species of predatory mites were also found and mostly dominated by family Ascidae, Phytoseiidae, Cunaxidae, and Cheyletidae. However, predatory mites Lasioseius pitimini and Asca longiseta were the most frequent and abundance. Observation on the population development of phytophagous mites at various growth stages of citrus indicated that fruit development phase II (Fdp II) was the most preferred, followed by Fdp I, dormant, flush, flowering, and Fdp III was the least preferred. Positive correlation was also shown between the population development of the phytophagous and predatory mites at each growth stage. Results of this research was useful to determine exact time for controlling phytophagous mites. Furthermore, the availability information of potential predatory mites on citrus orchard can be used as biological control.
Keywords
Citrus reticulata; Tungau; Fitofag; Predator; Jeruk Mandarin; Identifikasi.