Produksi Tanaman Nipah di Sungai Tello Sulawesi Selatan
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Tanaman nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) tumbuh rapat di sepanjang bantaran sungai dekat muara membentuk komunitas tanaman dalam jumlah yang besar. Kelebihan tanaman nipah dibanding dengan tanaman lain dalam hal produksi nira, yaitu nira yang dihasilkan tanaman nipah dapat berkesinambungan. Tanaman yang ditanam cukup sekali saja dalam kurun waktu yang panjang dan dapat terus menghasilkan produksi nira dari populasi yang ada. Kegiatan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi tanaman nipah dalam hal produksi nira, lama penyadapan dan kadar gula agar dapat memberikan informasi kepada petani dan pengusaha. Penelitian dilakukan di Sungai Tello, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan April 2011 sampai bulan Desember 2012. Bahan penelitian menggunakan tanaman nipah dalam satu hamparan yang dibagi kedalam lima klaster. Produksi nira nipah beragam antar kluster, produksi yang tertinggi pada kluster K2 (40,461 l/bahan), sedangkan terendah pada kluster K4 (8,156 l/bahan). Lama penyadapan nira nipah beragam antar kluster, penyadapan paling lamapada kluster K2 (37,4 hari/periode penyadapan), sedangkan terendahpada kluster K4. Kadar gula nira beragam antar kluster, kadar gula tertinggi kluster K4 pada penyadapan sore hari (17,6%). Kata kunci : Nipah, produksi nira, kadar nira, gula, penyadapan, klaster.ABSTRACTProduction of Nipah Palm in Tello River of South SulawesiNypa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurm.) growed tightly along the riverbanks near estuary forming plant population in large numbers. Nypa plants have the advantage compare to other palms in the production of sap which is sustain. This plant just once planted and the long period of time can continue to produce sap from existing populations. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of palm plants in the production of sap, tapping period and sugar content in order to provide information to farmers and entrepreneurs. The study was conducted in River Tello, South Sulawesi Province from April 2011 to December 2012. The research material used in one population Nypa plants and divided into five clusters. Productions of palm sap vary between clusters, the highest production in the cluster K2 (40.461 l /material), while the lowest in the cluster K4 (8.156 l/material). Period tapping palm sap varied between clusters, the longest tapping in clusters K2 (37.4 days/period tapping), while the lowest in K4 cluster. Sap sugar levels vary between clusters, the highest sugar content tapping was found in cluster K4 on the afternoon (17.6%).