Observation and Identification of White Root Disease on Nutmeg Plant in The District of Aceh Selatan

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Nutmeg has important role to the national economiy because of export of the product. White root disease is the main constraint in nutmeg production. The objective of this research was observation and identification of the attack and intensity causes respectively. The research conducted in April to July 2011 on farmer’s farm and on phytopathology laboratory of Indonesian Spices and Industrial Crops Research Institute Sukabumi. Survey has been done in five sub-districts namely, Tapak Tuan (Air Berudang and Air Pinang village), Sawang (Simpang Tiga and Lhok Pawoh), Meukek (Alue Meutuah dan Blang Kuala), Labuan Haji Timur (Gunung Rotan dan Keumumu Hilir), and Kluet Utara (Gunung Pulo dan Krueng Batu). Observation was done on persentage of attacks, symptoms of pests and diseases, and soil condition. The samples were taken from the root, stem and soil then isolated and identified conventionaly and molecularly in laboratory. The results showed that cause of the death of nutmeg plant was white root fungus caused by Rigidoporus microporus with attcak intensity from 5% to 100%.
Pala (Myristica fragrans Hout) merupakan salah satu tanaman rempah yang memiliki peranan penting dalam perekonomian nasional,  Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya tanaman ini adalah adanya serangan penyakit  jamur akar. Penelitian observasi dan identifikasi penyakit jamur akar pada tanaman pala telah dilakukan bulan April  sampai Juli 2011 di kebun petani di  Kabupaten Aceh Selatan dan Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri Sukabumi. Survey dilakukan pada  lima kecamatan,  yaitu Tapak Tuan  (Desa Air Berudang dan Air Pinang), Sawang ( Simpang Tiga dan Lhok Pawoh), Meukek (Alue Meutuah dan Blang Kuala), Labuan Haji Timur ( Gunung Rotan dan Keumumu Hilir), Kluet Utara (Gunong Pulo dan Krueng Batu). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap persentase serangan, gejala serangan hama dan  penyakit, dan kondisi lahan. Setiap kebun yang diamati diambil sampel akar, batang  dan tanah untuk diisolasi dan diidentifikasi secara konfensional dan molekuler di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab matinya tanaman pala di Aceh Selatan adalah jamur akar putih yang disebabkan oleh Rigidoporus microporus dengan persentase  serangan 5-100%.
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