KERAGAAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG BERSARI BEBAS DI LAHAN MASAM, LAMPUNG
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Date
2014-08-05
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Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
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Growth and Yield Performance of Open-pollinated Maize Varieties in Dry Land Acid Soil, Lampung. To evaluate the supremacies and weaknesses of several maize open-pollinated varieties in acid soil, an experiment was conducted at Budi Lestari Village, Tanjung Bintang Sub- district, South Lampung from October 2005 to February 2006. The experiment was designed using a randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. The treatments were open-pollinated maize varieties namely Lamuru, Sukmaraga, Srikandi Kuning (QPM), Srikandi Putih (QPM) and a local variety as the standard. The plot size was 3 x 3 m. The plant space was 75 x 25 cm. Plants were fertilized with 300 kg Urea + 100 kg SP36 + 150 kg KC1 + 5 tons manure /ha. The performance observed were germination, plant height, yield and pest/disease incidences. Results showed that the best growth and yield performance produced by Sukmaraga variety, followed by the local and Lamuru varieties. The yield of Sukmaraga variety was 5.6 tons/ha, Local 5.02 tons/ha, Lamuru 4.73 tons/ha, Srikandi Putih 4.41 tons/ha and Srikandi Kuning 3.4 tons/ha. Srikandi Putih and Srikandi Kuning varieties were susceptible to downy mildew. The financial analysis showed that maize growing presented a B/C of 0.74 using Sukmaraga variety Key words: Maize, open-pollinated, performance, acid soil Untuk mengevaluasi keunggulan dan kelemahan beberapa varietas jagung bersari bebas di lahan masam, dilakukan percobaan di Desa Budi Lestari Kecamatan Tanjung Bintang, Lampung Selatan dari bulan Oktober 2005-Februari 2006. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan adalah jagung bersari bebas varietas Lamuru, Sukmaraga, Srikandi kuning (QPM), Srikandi putih (QPM) dan varietas lokal sebagai pembanding. Ukuran petak 3 x 3 m. Jarak tanam 75 x 25 cm. Tanaman dipupuk dengan 300 kg Urea + 100 kg SP36 + 150 kg KCl + 5 t pupuk kandang /ha. Keragaan yang diamati adalah daya tumbuh, tinggi tanaman, hasil dan serangan hama/penyakit. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa keragaan pertumbuhan dan hash jagung yang terbaik adalah varietas Sukmaraga, diikuti oleh varietas lokal dan Lamuru. Hasil jagung varietas Sukmaraga 5,6 t/ha, Lokal 5,02 t/ha, Lamuru 4,73 t/ha, Srikandi putih 4,41 t/ha dan Srikandi kuning 3,4 t/ha. Varietas Srikandi putih dan Srikandi Kuning rentan terhadap penyakit bulai. Analisis finansial budidaya jagung memberikan nilai R/C 0,74. dengan menggunakan varietas Sukmaraga Kata kunci: Jagung, bersari bebas, keragaan, lahan masam.