KERAGAAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI UNGGUL BARU DAN KELAYAKAN USAHATANI PADI PADA LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI DI PROVINSI JAMBI
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2014-08-05
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Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
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The Performance of Several Paddy New Superior Varieties and Feasibility of Paddy Farm Enterprise in Irrigated Rice Field in Jambi Province. The Assessment was conducted at Sri Agung Village, Tungkal Ulu Sub-District, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency on irrigated land during the 2004/2005 wet season. The assessment involved a farmer group called Sri Maju started with Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) study to discover the available farm enterprise potentials and problems. Technology components implemented was the use of new superior varieties through integrated crop managenet (1CM). Paddy varieties used were VUTB Fatmawati, VUB Ciherang VUB, Way Apu Buru, Memberamo and Gilirang. The objectives of the experiment were to observe the performances of some new superior varieties by using integrated plant control method and to analyze financial feasibility on irrigated rice fields. The assessment result showed that the performance of each new variety significantly fluctuates in line with the plant genetic characteristics. The highest production was obtained from Way Apo Buru variety, i.e. (6.5 tons dried husked paddy /ha), followed by Fatmawati (6 tons/ha) and Ciherang (5.8 tons/ha). Meanwhile, the lowest productions were those of Gilirang and Memberamo varieties, i.e. 3.3 and 3.6 tons dried husk paddy/ha respectively .Way Apo Buru and Ciherang varieties are new VUB providing higher benefits and feasibilities compared with Fatmawati ,Memberamo and Gilirang varieties ) with R/C values of 1.66, 2.14 and 2.05. The highest income from Way Apo Buru variety was Rp.6,372,000, followed by Ciherang (Rp.5,832,000), and Fatmawati (Rp.5,119,200), while the incomes from Gilirang and Memberamo were Rp.2,478,000 and Rp.1,890,000 respectively. The farmers' responses to new varieties particularly Way Apo Buru and Ciherang were sufficiently good compared with those for Fatmawati, Gilirang and Memberamo. The two varieties possess sufficiently high yield potency, good-tasting rice, and resistant and quite resistant to Helminthosporium and Blast. Fatmawaty variety is less favored by farmers though it has significantly high yield because it is rather difficult to shed and less resistant to Helminthosporium and Blast. Key words: New superior variety, 1CM, paddy farm enterprise, irrigated land Pengkajian dilaksanakan di Desa Sri Agung Kecamatan Tungkal Ulu Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat Propinsi Jambi pada lahan sawah irigasi pada musim hujan (MH) 2004/2005. Pengkajian ini melibatkan kelompok tani Sri Maju yang diawali dengan studi PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), untuk menggali potensi dan permasalahan kegiatan usahatni yang ada. Komponen teknologi yang diterapkan adalah penggunaan varietas unggul baru dengan pendekatan pengelolaan tanaman terpadu (PTT). Varietas padi yang digunakan adalah VUTB Fatmawati, VUB Ciherang, Way Apo Buru, Memberamo dan Gilirang. Tujuan pengkajian untuk melihat keragaan beberapa varietas padi unggul baru melalui pengelolaan tanaman terpadu dan analisis kelayakan usahatani pada lahan sawah irigasi. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa keragaan dari masingmasing varietas cukup beragam sesuai dengan sifat genetis varietas. Produksi padi tertinggi diperoleh pada varietas Way Apo Buru yaitu 6,50 t/ha GKP diikuti varietas Fatmawati dan Ciherang yaitu 6,00 t/ha GKP dan 5,8 t/ha. GKP Sedangkan hasil terendah pada varietas Gilirang 3,00 t/ha dan Memberamo 3,50 t/ha GKP.Varietas Way Apo Buru dan Ciherang merupakan VUB yang memberikan keuntungan dan tingkat kelayakan lebih tinggi dibanding varietas Fatmawati, Memberamo dan Gilirang dengan nilai R/C 1,66 , 2,14 dan 2,05. Penerimaan yang tertinggi dari varietas Way Apo Buru yaitu Rp.6.372.000, diikuti varietas Ciherang yaitu Rp 5.832.000 dan varietas Fatmawati yaitu Rp.5.119.200 sedangkan varietas Memberamo dan Gilirang masingmasing Rp.2.478.600 dan Rp.1.890.000. Respon petani cukup balk terutama pada varietas Ciherang dan Way Apo Buru dibandingkan varietas Fatmawati, Memberamo dan Gilirang. Kedua varietas tersebut memliki potensi hasil cukup baik, rasa nasi pulen, tahan dan agak tahan terhadap penyakit Helmintosporium (Ho) dan Blas. Untuk varietas Fatmawati kurang disukai petani walaupun memiliki potensi hasil cukup tinggi, karena perontokannya agak sulit dan kurang tahan terhadap Ho dan Blas Kata kunci : Varietas unggul baru, PTT, usahatani, lahan irigasi.