Komposisi dan Sebaran Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae di Sentra Produksi Padi di Sumatera Selatan
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan
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A study was carried out to identify the composition and distribution of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotypes in rice crops in South Sumatera, during the 2012 planting season. Three activities were conducted, namely collection of rice leaf samples from the field, isolation of Xoo from the leaf samples in the laboratory, and testing pathotypes of the Xoo in the screen house. Rice leaves showing typical bacterial leaf blight (BLB) symptom were collected from various farmers’ fields. The samples were detached and put into paper envelopes, and taken to the laboratory for isolation of Xoo, at the Laboratory of Pythopathology of Indonesian Center for Rice Research, Sukamandi. Pathotype testing was done in the ICRR screen house by inoculating the leaves of five differential rice varieties with inocula of the Xoo isolates collected. Resistances of the rice differential varieties were determined based on the BLB disease severity. Inoculated plant with disease severity <11% was considered resistant (R) and disease severity >11% was susceptible (S). From 122 samples of rice leaf infected with BLB collected from the rice production centers in South Sumatera, one hundred and twelve Xoo isolates were obtained from the isolation. The Xoo pathotype identification showed that pathotype III was the most dominant in South Sumatera during the 2012 planting season (67 isolates or 60.0%) followed by pathotype IV (28 isolates or 25%), and pathotype VIII (17 isolates or 15.0%).
Keywords
, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; pathotype; differential rice varieties,