Pertumbuhan serta Hasil Tanaman Kubis Putih dengan Aplikasi Pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dan Pupuk Pelengkap Benih Nutrifarm SD di Dataran Tinggi Lembang
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis dapat ditingkatkan antara lain dengan aplikasi pupuk pelengkap berupa serbuk nutrifarm SD sejak benih kubis disemai di pesemaian dan dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis yang tepat di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan dosis optimum pupuk pelengkap nutrifarm SD dan NPK 15-15-15 yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi bobot kubis putih kultivar Green Coronet. Rancangan petak terpisah dengan 3 ulangan digunakan di lapangan. Petak utama: pupuk dasar NPK 15-15-15, yang terdiri atas 2 level dosis, yaitu 0,5 dan 1,0 t/ha. Anak petak: pupuk pelengkap nutrifarm SD, yang terdiri atas 5 level dosis, yaitu: 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 g/kg benih kubis. Cara aplikasi nutrifarm SD dengan mencampurkan pada benih kubis secara merata, kemudian disemai di pesemaian. Pupuk NPK 15-15-15 diaplikasikan 2 kali, yaitu setengah dosis pada saat tanam, dan sisanya pada 4 minggu setelah tanam. Tanaman kubis dibudidayakan menggunakan mulsa plastik hitam perak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi gejala fitotoksisitas, klorosis, dan gejala abnormal lainnya pada tanaman kubis yang diberi perlakuan nutrifarm SD dosis 3-12 g/kg benih dan NPK 15-15-15 dosis 0,5-1,0 t/ha. Hasil bobot segar kubis nyata meningkat sebesar 37,11% oleh pemberian pupuk pelengkap nutrifarm SD dosis 6 g/kg benih dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Namun, dosis optimum nutrifarm SD yaitu 6,2 g/kg benih bila dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi NPK 15-15-15 dosis 0,5 t/ha, serta 6,5 g/kg benih bila dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis 1,0 t/ha. Aplikasi hanya pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dosis 0,5-1,0 t/ha secara mandiri, tidak meningkatkan hasil bobot total kubis segar.Growth and yield of cabbage could be improved by application of seed fertilizer nutrifarm SD in the nursery combined with application of proper dosage of NPK 15-15-15 in the field. The goal of this experiment was to find out the proper dosage of nutrifarm SD in combination with NPK 15-15-15 to improve the growth and yield of cabbage variety of Green Coronet. A split plot design with three replications was set up in the field. The main plot was NPK 15-15-15, comprised of two level dosages, viz. 0.5 t/ha and 1.0 t/ha. The subplot was application of nutrifarm SD seed fertilizer, comprised of 5 levels, viz. 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 g/kg seed. The nutrifarm SD was mixed with cabbage seed and germinated in the nursery. NPK 15-15-15 was applied in the field twice, viz. half dosage at planting time and the rest was given at 4 weeks after planting. Cabbage plants were cultivated by using black silver plastic mulch. Research results revealed that there were no phytotoxicity, chlorosis, and other abnormalities symptoms appeared on cabbage plants treated with nutrifarm SD of 3-12 g/kg seed in combination with NPK 15-15-15 0.5 to 1.0 t/ha. Independently, cabbage yield was significantly increased by the application of nutrifarm SD 6 g/kg seed, with the yield increment of 37.11% compared to control. However, the optimum dosage of nutrifarm SD was 6.2 g/kg seed when it was combined with NPK 15-15-15 dosage of 0.5 t/ha, and 6.5 g/kg seed when it was combined with NPK 15-15-15 1 t/ha. Application of NPK 15-15-15 perse from 0.5 to 1.0 t/ha did not significantly increase cabbage yield.
Keywords
Brassica oleraceae, NPK 15-15-15; Seed fertilizer; Cabbage yield