Keragaan Tiga Galur Lanjut Cabai Merah Pada Ekosistem Dataran Tinggi Lembang, Jawa Barat (Performance of Three New Advanced of Hot Pepper Genotypes Grown on High Land Ecosystem of Lembang, West Java)
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Cabai merupakan sayuran penting yang banyak digunakan masyarakat di Indonesia. Pengujian dilakukan dibawah kondisi agro ekosistem dataran tinggi di Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Penelitian disusun dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan lima ulangan. Tiga galur baru cabai merah yaitu, 1) PP 0537-7558, 2) YK-1, 3) YK-2 serta dua vartietas pembanding Perisai dan Tanjung- 2 dijadikan sebagai perlakuan. Setiap plot ditanami 30 tanaman per plot. Peubah yang diamati diantaranya ialah tinggi tanaman, vigor tanaman, intensitas kerusakan oleh Antracnosa dan virus kuning, hasil panen bobot dan jumlah buah, serta panjang buah yang merupakan karakter kuantitatif. Untuk karakter kualitatif yang diamati ialah data yang diperlukan untuk penyusunan deskripsi morfologi tanaman. Hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa, peroleh bahwa, galur YK-2 menampilkan vigor tanaman yang paling bagus. Disamping itu galur tersebut menampilkan tinggi tanaman yang tertinggi. Potensi hasil paling tinggi dihasilkan galur YK-2 (22,64 ton/ha) nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua varietas pembandingnya yaitu Perisai (14,96 ton/ha) dan Tanjung-2 (14,62 ton/ha). Disamping itu galur YK-2 memiliki panjang buah yang ideal yaitu 15,08 cm, lebih panjang dari varietas pembanding Perisai (9,06 cm). Galur-galur yang diuji dapat dideskripsikan dengan cukup lengkap. Implikasi dari kegiatan ini terpilih satu galur advanced cabai untuk pengujian lebih lanjut.KeywordCapsicum annuum L.; Galur; Keragaan; Ekosistem; Dataran tinggi AbstractHot pepper is one of important vegetable crops which are consumed by most Indonesian people for ingredient of daily menu. Production and quality yield are affected by interaction of genotypes and environment. Therefore, in the breeding program of hot pepper adaptation test of the genotypes to the spesific environment is a must. The experiment was conducted at high land ecosystem in Lembang, District Bandung, West Java Province. The experimental used randomized complete block design with five replications. Three genotypes of hot pepper used in this experiment were (1) PP 0537-7558, (2) YK-1, and (3) YK-2 and two varieties Perisai and Tanjung- 2 as control variety. Each plot was planted by 30 plants. Data collected were plant height, plant vigor, intensity plant damage due to anthracnose and yellowing virus, fruit weight, fruit size, numbers of fruit, and morphology data. The results of research showed that the most vigorous and the highest plant was obtained from YK-2 genotype. The highest yielding was also obtained from YK-2 genotype (22.64 ton/ha) and significantly different compared to control varieties Tanjung-2 (14.62 ton/ha) and Perisai (14.96 ton/ha). YK-2 genotipe had an ideal of fruit length (15,08 cm) which are longer than that of cv. Perisai (9.06 cm). The genotypes tested was morphologically characterized based on local growth condition.
Keywords
Capsicum annuum L.; Genotypes; Performance; Ecosystem; High land