Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol pada Media Perbanyakan terhadap Daya Simpan Biofungisida Trichoderma
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Daya simpan biofungisida yang mengandung Trichoderma virens dan T. amazonicum untuk mengendalikan penyakit jamur akar putih (JAP) pada tanaman karet penting untuk diketahui agar tetap efektif ketika diaplikasikan. Komposisi media perbanyakan dalam biofungisida Trichoderma sp. dapat mempengaruhi lama hidup dan viabilitas konidia selama penyimpanan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan gliserol dalam media perbanyakan terhadap daya simpan biofungisida T. virens dan T. amazonicum. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, mulai bulan Januari sampai Juli 2014. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Biofungisida yang dibuat terdiri dari: (1) penambahan gliserol (0%, 3%, 6%, dan 9%) pada media perbanyakan T. virens dan (2) penambahan gliserol (0%, 3%, 6%, dan 9%) pada media perbanyakan T. amazonicum. Masing-masing hasil perbanyakan dicampur dengan bahan pembawa talk, dikeringanginkan, selanjutnya dikemas dalam kantong plastik dan disimpan selama 4 bulan. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap bulan, meliputi: jumlah konidia dan populasi Trichoderma sp., serta kadar air biofungisida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan gliserol pada media perbanyakan dapat membantu mempertahankan viabilitas T. virens dan T. amazonicum serta daya simpan biofungisida. Penambahan gliserol 6% sampai 9% pada media perbanyakan T. virens dan T. amazonicum merupakan konsentrasi terbaik, menghasilkan konidia 7,98 x 107 – 8,59 x 107 konidia/g dan kelimpahan populasi 11,67 x 103 – 14,67 x 103 cfu/g pada biofungsida yang disimpan selama 4 bulan.
The storage longevity of biofungicide containing Trichoderma virens and T. amazonicum to controll the whithe root diseases (WRD) in rubber plants is important to know to remain effective when applied. The composition of the multiplication medium in the T. virens dan and T. amazonicum biofungicide can affect the longevity and viability of conidia during storage. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of glycerol addition in the multiplication medium of T. virens and T. amazonicum biofungicide during storage. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from January to July 2014. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The biofungicidal formula consisted of: (1) glycerol addition (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) in the multiplication medium of T. virens and (2) glycerol addition (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) in the multiplication medium of T. amazonicum. Each multiplication was mixed with a carrier (talc), dried, then packed in a plastic bag and stored for 4 months. Observations were carried out each month, including: the amount of conidia, Trichoderma sp. population, and water content. The results showed that the addition of glycerol to multiplication medium was able to maintain the viability of T. virens and T. amazonicum and the storage longevity of the biofungicide. The addition of 6% to 9% glycerol in the multiplication medium of T. virens and T. amazonicum showed the highest concentration, yielding conidia up to 7.98 x 107 – 8.59 x 107 conidia/g and population abundance of 11.67 x 103 – 14.67 x 103 cfu/g in biofungicide stored for 4 months.
The storage longevity of biofungicide containing Trichoderma virens and T. amazonicum to controll the whithe root diseases (WRD) in rubber plants is important to know to remain effective when applied. The composition of the multiplication medium in the T. virens dan and T. amazonicum biofungicide can affect the longevity and viability of conidia during storage. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of glycerol addition in the multiplication medium of T. virens and T. amazonicum biofungicide during storage. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from January to July 2014. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The biofungicidal formula consisted of: (1) glycerol addition (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) in the multiplication medium of T. virens and (2) glycerol addition (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) in the multiplication medium of T. amazonicum. Each multiplication was mixed with a carrier (talc), dried, then packed in a plastic bag and stored for 4 months. Observations were carried out each month, including: the amount of conidia, Trichoderma sp. population, and water content. The results showed that the addition of glycerol to multiplication medium was able to maintain the viability of T. virens and T. amazonicum and the storage longevity of the biofungicide. The addition of 6% to 9% glycerol in the multiplication medium of T. virens and T. amazonicum showed the highest concentration, yielding conidia up to 7.98 x 107 – 8.59 x 107 conidia/g and population abundance of 11.67 x 103 – 14.67 x 103 cfu/g in biofungicide stored for 4 months.
Keywords
Biofungisida; daya simpan; gliserol; T. virens; T. amazonicum, Biofungicide; glycerol; storage longevity; T. virens; T. amazonicum