ANALISIS KEBERKELANJUTAN USAHATANI TANAMAN KARET DI LAHAN GAMBUT TERDEGRADASI: STUDI KASUS DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH / Analysis of The Sustainablility of Rubber Plantations Farming System in Degraded Peatland: A Case Study in Central Kalimantan
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Sustainability analysis of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) farming system aimed to assess the sustainability of the application of farming models which was developed in a pilot project in degraded peatland, which is located in Village/District Jabiren, Regency Pulangpisau (Central Kalimantan). Research was conducted by a structural survey method with 30 selected respondent farmers around the plots. The analysis was performed with the multidimentional scaling (MDS) approach, including social, economic and environmental dimensions. The level of (lkb) farming system sustainability of rubber trees in degraded peatland based on values of sustainability index of multidimensional in the Jabiren District showed sustained considerable scale with an index value of 66.69, meaning that farming models developed are quite sustainable farming. In other words that farming models are economically beneficial, socially acceptability to society, and ecologically not damage the environmental. The social dimension is more dominant determine the sustainability of farming that contributes to IKB amounted to 72.65 compared with the economic and environmental dimension with a contribution value of each 68.11 and 57.25. Sensitive factors affecting the sustainability, include: the intensity of extention (the social dimension), the stability of the prices of the farmers surplus productivity (the economic dimension), the water pH and water level fluctuations (the ecological dimensions).Keywords: sustainability index, rubber farming system, degraded peatland AbstrakAnalisis keberlanjutan usahatani tanaman karet bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat keberlanjutan dari aplikasi model usahatani yang dikembangkan dalam suatu demplot pola tanam (intercropping) di lahan gambut terdegradasi, dengan tanaman pokok tanaman karet dengan tanaman sela nenas di antara tanaman pokok karet dan aplikasi amelioran, yang berlokasi di Desa/Kecamatan Jabiren, Pulangpisau (Kalimantan Tengah). Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei terstruktur dengan memilih 30 responden petani di sekitar demplot. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan multidimensi (multidimentional scaling/MDS), meliputi dimensi sosial, ekonomi dan dimensi lingkungan. Tingkat keberlanjutan (Ikb) usahatani tanaman karet di lahan gambut terdegradasi yang didasarkan pada nilai indeks keberlanjutan multidimensi di lokasi penelitian menunjukkan skala cukup berkelanjutan dengan nilai indeks 66,69, artinya model usahatani yang dikembangkan cukup berkelanjutan. Dengan kata lain bahwa model usahatani tersebut memberi manfaat secara ekonomi, secara sosial dapat diterima masyarakat, dan secara ekologis tidak merusak lingkungan. Dimensi sosial lebih dominan menentukan keberlanjutan usahatani yaitu kontribusi terhadap Ikb sebesar 72,65 dibanding dengan dimensi ekonomi dan lingkungan dengan kontribusi nilai masing-masing 68,11 dan 57,25. Faktor yang peka mempengaruhi keberlanjutan, meliputi: intensitas penyuluhan (dimensi sosial), kestabilan harga hasil petani pada saat panen (dimensi ekonomi), pH air di lahan usahatani dan fluktuasi debit air di lahan petani (dimensi lingkungan/ekologi).Kata kunci: indeks keberlanjutan usahatani karet, lahan gambut terdegradasi
Keywords
sustainability index;rubber farming system;degraded peatland