Peningkatan Produktivitas Padi Gogo pada Lahan Kering Masam Akibat Aplikasi Pembenah Tanah Biochar
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan
Abstract
Description
Low grain yield of upland rice on the acid mineral soil is possible
to be improved. The main problem of the acid soil is its high soil
acidity that inhibits crop growth, causing low productivity. The
objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of biochar
application on upland rice productivity and on soil properties of
acid mineral soil. The study was conducted at Agricultural
Research Station of Taman Bogo, East Lampung from July to
October 2013 (season 1), December 2013 to April 2014 (season
2), May to August 2014 (season 3) and from October 2014 to
February 2015 (season 4). The experimental design was split
plots with five replications. The main plots were two types of biochar
(cacao shell and rice husk), the sub plots were biochar rates (0;
5 t/ha and 15 t/ha), applied only at the first season. The inorganic
fertilizers of 250 kg/ha Urea and 300 kg/ha NPK compound of
Phonska were given in each season. The variables measured
were plant growth, grain yield and soil properties, namely Bulk
Density/BD, soil pH and Al3+content. Results showed that during
the four cropping seasons the addition of cocoa shell biochar
indicated better responses on rice growth and grain yield as
compared to that of rice husk biochar. Rice grain yields ranged
from 2.54 to 3.97 t/ha dry grain. Biochar at rate of 5 and 15 t/ha
provided a stable yield and increased dry grain around 74-179%.
The cocoa shell biochar application showed better response on
soil acidity (increased soil pH and reduced Al3+) and soil bulk
density as compared to that of rice husk biochar. On the degraded
acid soil, upland rice productivity and soil properties can be
improved by applying 15 t/ha of cacao shell biochar
Keywords
upland rice; acid mineral soil; biochar; agricultural waste